英国 Laryngograph 电子声门仪 EGG-D100

EGG-D100 是英国 Laryngograph Ltd（创立于 1973 年）的数字电子声门仪（Lx），通过 USB 连接主机电脑，目前仍通过其经销渠道供货。 置于甲状软骨两侧的镀金保护环电极检测声带接触变化引起的组织电导微小而快速的变化，在不干扰说话的情况下给出 Lx 波形及同步的语音波形。 配合 Laryngograph 分析软件，Lx 与语音信号可给出基频（Fx）与接触商（Qx），以及持续元音的 jitter、shimmer 和 HNR，并可对连续语音进行分析。 厂商称其设备服务于言语治疗师、耳鼻喉科、语音科学研究者、语音学家与声乐教师，用于正常与病理嗓音。

仪器信息

品牌Laryngograph
型号EGG-D100
分类电子声门仪/喉头仪
仪器编码united-kingdom-laryngograph-electroglottograph-egg-d100
在售状态在售
地区来源英国
更新时间2026-10-10
研究领域语音信号处理、情感计算、病理语音与嗓音科学、语音学与声带生理

技术参数

共 44 条规格记录

产品类型数字电子声门仪（EGG）USB 设备
测量对象声带接触（通用技术资料，非该型号专属）
可测量信号类型EGG 信号与麦克风信号
测量原理在颈部甲状软骨两侧放置两个电极，感应电导变化以监测声带振动，属非侵入性技术（通用技术资料，非该型号专属）
采集通道数2
采样率8–48 kHz
模数转换分辨率16 bit（立体声）
信噪比最高 48 dB（EGG/Lx 通道）
动态范围90 dB
高通滤波器类型相位校正高通（HP）滤波器，用于消除大运动（EGG/Lx 通道）
数字增益范围6 dB 至 +32 dB，2 dB 步进
增益通道独立调节功能支持（左右声道独立控制）
计算机数字接口规范USB 2.0 全速
USB 设备类别USB 音频类录音设备
麦克风输入偏置电压4 V
麦克风输入负载阻抗200 欧姆–1 欧姆
供电方式USB 总线供电
供电电压范围4.75–5.25 V
工作电流典型 100 mA
智能手机直接供电功能支持
USB 隔离器隔离电压1500 VDC
USB 隔离器输出电压5 VDC（稳压）
USB 隔离器输出电流150 mA
USB 隔离器短路保护功能支持
成人电极直径33 mm（成人用大直径电极）
儿童电极直径22 mm（儿童用中等直径电极）
成人颈带尺寸大号、中号（成人颈带）
儿童颈带尺寸小号（儿童颈带）
USB 电缆结构软屏蔽电缆
USB 电缆直径3.0 mm
USB 电缆长度典型 130 cm
配套分析软件Speech Studio、VoiceSuite
第三方软件兼容性Audacity、PRAAT
操作系统兼容性Windows、Android、iOS、Linux
终端设备类型兼容性手机端与 PC 端
移动端应用程序支持（提供手机 APP）
数据文件格式PCM、WAV
实时显示内容支持
回放功能支持（高品质回放）
外形尺寸5.5 cm × 3.5 cm × 1.5 cm（仅设备本体）
重量60 g
便携盒尺寸16 cm × 11 cm × 4 cm
便携盒防护性能防水、硬壳
电路组装工艺表面贴装（SMT）组件

相关实验室

以下机构来自本仪器关联论文的作者署名，不代表已确认采购或持有该仪器。

太原理工大学

地区：中国

署名作者：朱婷

研究方向：情感病理语音数据库、视频、功能性近红外光谱成像、运动性构音障碍

关联论文 2 篇

英国纽卡斯尔大学

地区：英国

署名作者：梁慧智

研究方向：情感语音数据库、多模态情感识别、维度情感空间、三维电磁发音仪

关联论文 1 篇

中国太原市中心医院

地区：中国

署名作者：张伟

研究方向：情感病理语音数据库、视频、功能性近红外光谱成像、运动性构音障碍

关联论文 1 篇

实验方法

研究方向：多模态情感语音数据库构建、基于声学与电子声门信号的语音情感识别、基于声门与声学特征的构音障碍严重程度评估、发声过程中声带接触的无创测量

构音障碍患者情感病理语音多模态同步采集与情感识别实验

方法说明：该实验使用 Laryngograph EGG-D100 电子声门仪同步采集脑卒中后运动性构音障碍患者与健康对照者在快乐、悲伤、愤怒、中性四种情绪下的声学信号和声门信号，同时配合 SONY FDR 摄像机、22 通道 fNIRS 与指尖脉搏血氧仪采集视频、脑血氧和生理信号，构建首个中文多模态情感病理语音数据库。随后利用微信小程序进行可懂度、情感类别与维度情感标注，并基于 IS09 特征集与 SVM/RF 分类器在声学与声门数据上开展自动情感识别与病情严重程度识别。

实验仪器：电子声门仪 EGG-D100；数码摄像机 FDR 系列；功能性近红外光谱成像系统；指尖脉搏血氧仪

实验步骤

  1. 受试者招募与情绪诱发材料准备

    说明：在太原招募 39 名脑卒中后构音障碍患者和 29 名典型对照者（40～80 岁，普通话使用者），选取 27 句情感句和 9 句中性句，采用视听结合的情感片段与斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基情绪记忆法诱发快乐、悲伤、愤怒、中性四种情绪。

    关键点：患者与对照组年龄区间匹配；情绪诱发材料需兼顾情感强度与句子可读性

  2. EGG-D100 电极佩戴与多设备布置

    说明：受试者佩戴 EGG-D100 电子声门仪，坐于距显示屏约 3 m 处，SONY FDR 摄像机置于约 50 cm 处，同时佩戴 22 通道 fNIRS 系统与指尖脉搏血氧仪；采集在受试者住所内进行并保证低噪声环境。

    关键点：电极需紧贴甲状软骨两侧以保证声门信号质量；环境低噪声；多设备同步启动

  3. 声学与声门信号同步录制

    说明：通过 EGG-D100 同步获取声学信号和声门信号，受试者按提示依次朗读情感句和中性句，同时录制视频、fNIRS 与心率/血氧数据。

    关键点：EGG 左声道为声门信号、右声道为声学信号，二者严格同步

  4. 数据完整性检查与整理

    说明：使用 Cool Edit Pro 检查声学与声门录音的完整性和可懂度，剔除无效样本，最终保留 4350 条声学数据和 4304 条声门数据。

    关键点：逐条核验录音完整性；声门数据与声学数据一一对应

  5. 主观标注

    说明：通过自主开发的微信小程序对全部情感语音进行可懂度、离散情感类别及效价-唤醒度维度情感标注，并采集 SCL-90 量表。

    关键点：多标注者一致性；维度标注与离散标注同时进行

  6. 特征提取与自动识别

    说明：提取 IS09 特征集（384 维）用于情感识别，提取包含 Pitch、PSD、LSF、MFCC（65 维）、LPC 统计量的 101 维特征用于病情严重程度识别，采用 SVM 与随机森林分类器分别在声学与声门数据上训练测试。

    关键点：声学与声门数据分别建模比较；对照组与患者组结果对比

实验数据

声门信号（EGG 波形）

数据来源：EGG-D100 电子声门仪左声道输出

实验样本：4304 条声门数据，对应四种情绪的句子朗读

数据呈现：时域波形图、与声学波形对齐显示

声学语音信号

数据来源：EGG-D100 电子声门仪右声道同步录制

实验样本：4350 条声学数据，包含 27 句情感句与 9 句中性句

数据呈现：波形图、语谱图

主观情感标注数据

数据来源：微信小程序标注平台

实验样本：离散情感类别、效价-唤醒度评分、可懂度评分

数据呈现：效价-唤醒度空间散点图及 95% 置信椭圆

方法关联论文：情感多模态病理语音数据库的设计、构建与评估

普通话多模态情感语音数据库（发音运动学、声学、声门与面部微表情）构建与情感识别实验

方法说明：该实验使用 Laryngograph EGG-D100 电子声门仪与 EMA-AG501 三维电磁发音仪、SONY FDR-AX100 摄像机同步采集 22 名大学生在中性、高兴、愉快、冷漠、愤怒、悲伤、悲痛七种情绪下的声门信号、声学信号、发音运动学数据和面部微表情视频，建立 STEM-E2VA 普通话多模态情感语音数据库。信号同时标注离散情感标签和愉悦度-唤醒度-优势度维度标签，并基于 INTERSPEECH 2009 情感挑战特征集与 SVM、DNN、CNN 分类器分别评估声学、声门和运动学数据的情感识别性能。

实验仪器：电子声门仪 EGG-D100；三维电磁发音仪 AG501；数码摄像机 FDR-AX100

实验步骤

  1. 语料设计与受试者选择

    说明：选取 24 个韵母和 16 个约 5 秒的陈述句作为语料，招募 22 名 21～27 岁、男女比例 1:1、母语为普通话的非表演专业大学生。

    关键点：语料需覆盖典型韵母与自然陈述句；受试者无表演训练背景以保证情感自然

  2. 情绪诱发

    说明：结合自传体回忆情绪诱发法与想象情绪诱发法，引导受试者进入中性、高兴、愉快、冷漠、愤怒、悲伤、悲痛七种情绪状态。

    关键点：七种情绪在愉悦度-唤醒度-优势度空间中需有可区分的分布

  3. EGG-D100 电极佩戴与校准

    说明：实验前由录制人员先行佩戴 EGG-D100，确保电极紧贴声门位置且不影响受试者正常发音；EGG 采集信号分为左声道（声门）和右声道（声学），左声道信号与声带接触面积正相关。

    关键点：电极位置需贴近甲状软骨两侧；佩戴不得妨碍发音

  4. 多模态同步录制

    说明：使用 EMA-AG501 以 250 Hz 采集发音运动学数据、以 45 kHz 采集音频，SONY FDR-AX100 以 3840×2160、25 fps 录制面部视频，EGG-D100 同步采集声门与声学信号。

    关键点：各模态数据时间同步；音频最终降采样至 48 kHz、16 bit

  5. 数据处理与标注

    说明：对录制数据进行分割整理，并标注离散情感标签（七类）与维度情感标签（愉悦度、唤醒度、优势度），验证维度标注数据的有效性。

    关键点：离散与维度标签一致性校验

  6. 特征提取与情感识别

    说明：对声学与声门数据提取 INTERSPEECH 2009 情感挑战特征集（384 维），对运动学数据提取 28 维发音运动学特征，按 80%/20% 划分训练/测试集，采用 SVM、DNN、CNN 进行七类情感识别。

    关键点：分别评估单模态识别性能；比较不同分类器结果

实验数据

声门信号（EGG 左声道）

数据来源：EGG-D100 电子声门仪

实验样本：22 名受试者七种情绪下的韵母与句子声门波形

数据呈现：时域波形图、与声学信号对齐显示

声学语音信号（EGG 右声道及 EMA 音频）

数据来源：EGG-D100 电子声门仪右声道与 EMA-AG501 音频通道

实验样本：48 kHz、16 bit 音频，七种情绪下的韵母与句子

数据呈现：波形图、语谱图

发音运动学数据

数据来源：EMA-AG501 三维电磁发音仪

实验样本：250 Hz 采样的舌、唇等传感器三维轨迹

数据呈现：传感器运动轨迹曲线

面部微表情视频

数据来源：SONY FDR-AX100 摄像机

实验样本：3840×2160 分辨率、25 fps 的面部视频

数据呈现：视频帧序列

方法关联论文：普通话多模态情感语音数据库的构建与评估

主要部件

暂未收录主要部件

相关论文

共 2 篇；当前显示第 1 页

普通话多模态情感语音数据库的构建与评估

原文题名：Construction and Evaluation of Mandarin Multimodal Emotional Speech Database

发表年份：2024

作者：朱婷；李良奇；段淑斐；张雪英；肖仲喆；贾海蓉；梁慧智

刊源：arXiv

DOI 10.48550/arXiv.2401.07336
查看论文摘要与书目信息

摘要 · 中文整理：本文设计并建立了一个包含发音运动学、声学、声门与面部微表情的普通话多模态情感语音数据库，并从语料设计、被试选择、录制细节与数据处理等方面进行了详细描述。各类信号同时标注离散情感标签（中性、高兴、愉悦、冷漠、愤怒、悲伤、悲痛）与维度情感标签（愉悦度、唤醒度、支配度）。本文通过对维度标注数据的统计分析验证了维度标注的有效性，并对标注者的SCL-90量表数据加以校验，结合PAD标注数据进行分析，以探究标注中的离群现象与标注者心理状态之间的内在关系。为验证数据库的语音质量与情感区分度，本文采用SVM、CNN和DNN三种基础模型计算七种情感的识别率。结果表明：仅使用声学数据时七种情感平均识别率约为82%；仅使用声门数据时平均识别率约为72%；仅使用运动学数据时平均识别率也达到55.7%。因此该数据库质量较高，可作为语音分析研究、尤其是多模态情感语音分析任务的重要数据来源。

原文摘要：A multi-modal emotional speech Mandarin database including articulatory kinematics, acoustics, glottal and facial micro-expressions is designed and established, which is described in detail from the aspects of corpus design, subject selection, recording details and data processing. Where signals are labeled with discrete emotion labels (neutral, happy, pleasant, indifferent, angry, sad, grief) and dimensional emotion labels (pleasure, arousal, dominance). In this paper, the validity of dimension annotation is verified by statistical analysis of dimension annotation data. The SCL-90 scale data of annotators are verified and combined with PAD annotation data for analysis, so as to explore the internal relationship between the outlier phenomenon in annotation and the psychological state of annotators. In order to verify the speech quality and emotion discrimination of the database, this paper uses 3 basic models of SVM, CNN and DNN to calculate the recognition rate of these seven emotions. The results show that the average recognition rate of seven emotions is about 82% when using acoustic data alone. When using glottal data alone, the average recognition rate is about 72%. Using kinematics data alone, the average recognition rate also reaches 55.7%. Therefore, the database is of high quality and can be used as an important source for speech analysis research, especially for the task of multimodal emotional speech analysis.

关键词：情感语音数据库、多模态情感识别、维度情感空间、三维电磁发音仪、电子声门仪

研究目标：解决现有情感语音数据库缺乏发音运动学、声门和面部微表情等多模态同步信息的问题，构建并验证一个带离散与维度情感标签的普通话多模态情感语音数据库。

主要结论：建立了首个同时包含 EMA 运动学数据、EGG 声门数据、音频和视频的情感语音数据库；维度标注数据经统计分析验证有效；SVM、CNN、DNN 三种模型下，声学数据七类情感平均识别率约 82%，声门数据约 72%，运动学数据约 55.7%，证明该数据库在研究语音情感表达机制方面具有重要价值。

创新点：首次将三维电磁发音仪的运动学数据、电子声门仪的声门数据、音频与面部视频同步整合到一个情感语音数据库中；同时提供七类离散情感标签与愉悦度-唤醒度-优势度三维标签；结合标注者 SCL-90 心理量表分析标注者心理状态对标注结果的影响。

后续建议：扩大受试者规模与年龄范围，提升数据库的代表性和泛化能力；开展声学、声门、运动学与视频的多模态特征级或决策级融合以提升情感识别率；从 EGG 信号中提取接触商、基频扰动等生理参数，分析不同情绪下的声带振动机制；引入自然情境下的自发情感语料，减少诱发情感与真实情感的差距；公开数据库并提供标准化评测协议以促进后续研究比较

APA 引文：Zhu, T., Li, L., Duan, S., Zhang, X., Xiao, Z., Jia, H., & Liang, H. (2024). Construction and evaluation of Mandarin multimodal emotional speech database. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.07336

仪器引用：EGG-D100 ... The signals collected by EGG are divided into left channel (glottis) and right channel (acoustics), and the left channel signal is positively correlated with the contact area of vocal cords. Before the experiment, the recording staff wore the device to ensure that the electrodes were close to the glottis and did not affect the normal pronunciation of the participants

情感多模态病理语音数据库的设计、构建与评估

原文题名：Design, construction and evaluation of emotional multimodal pathological speech database

发表年份：2023

作者：朱婷；段淑斐；梁慧智；张伟

刊源：arXiv

DOI 10.48550/arXiv.2312.08998
查看论文摘要与书目信息

摘要 · 中文整理：缺乏可用的情感病理数据库是研究构音障碍患者情感表达状况的关键障碍之一。本文构建了首个包含多视角信息的中文多模态情感病理语音数据库，收录29名健康对照者和39名不同程度运动性构音障碍患者，表达高兴、悲伤、愤怒和中性四种情感。全部情感语音通过自研微信小程序完成可懂度、情感类别及离散维度情感的标注。主观分析从情感辨别准确率、语音可懂度、效价—唤醒空间分布，以及SCL-90与病情严重程度的相关性等方面进行论证。在语音数据与声门数据上分别进行自动识别测试，音频数据上对照组平均准确率为78%、患者组为60%，声门数据上对照组为51%、患者组为38%，表明疾病对情感表达存在影响。

原文摘要：The lack of an available emotion pathology database is one of the key obstacles in studying the emotion expression status of patients with dysarthria. The first Chinese multimodal emotional pathological speech database containing multi-perspective information is constructed in this paper. It includes 29 controls and 39 patients with different degrees of motor dysarthria, expressing happy, sad, angry and neutral emotions. All emotional speech was labeled for intelligibility, types and discrete dimensional emotions by developed WeChat mini-program. The subjective analysis justifies from emotion discrimination accuracy, speech intelligibility, valence-arousal spatial distribution, and correlation between SCL-90 and disease severity. The automatic recognition tested on speech and glottal data, with average accuracy of 78% for controls and 60% for patients in audio, while 51% for controls and 38% for patients in glottal data, indicating an influence of the disease on emotional expression.

关键词：情感病理语音数据库、视频、功能性近红外光谱成像、运动性构音障碍、电子声门图、情感维度空间

研究目标：解决构音障碍患者情感表达研究中缺乏可用情感病理语音数据库的问题，建立包含声学、声门、视频、fNIRS 等多视角信息的中文多模态情感病理语音数据库，并验证其有效性。

主要结论：成功构建了首个中文多模态情感病理语音数据库；主观标注显示情感辨别准确率多在 87.5% 以上；自动识别结果表明声学数据的情感识别准确率高于声门数据，且患者组显著低于对照组（声学 60% vs 78%，声门 38% vs 51%），说明构音障碍会影响情感表达；病情严重程度识别准确率最高可达 87%。

创新点：首次构建包含声学、声门（EGG）、视频和 fNIRS 多模态信息的中文情感病理语音数据库；采用微信小程序实现离散与维度情感的多维标注；同时从主观标注与客观识别两方面验证疾病对情感表达的影响，并引入 SCL-90 量表与病情严重程度进行相关分析。

后续建议：扩大患者样本量并覆盖更多病因类型的构音障碍，提高数据库代表性；引入深度学习模型融合声学、声门与 fNIRS 等多模态特征以提升患者组情感识别率；对 EGG 声门信号提取接触商、开商等生理参数，深入分析疾病对声带振动的影响；公开数据库并建立统一评测基准，便于跨研究比较；增加纵向随访采集以研究康复过程中情感表达能力的变化

APA 引文：Zhu, T., Duan, S., Liang, H., & Zhang, W. (2023). Design, construction and evaluation of emotional multimodal pathological speech database. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.08998

仪器引用：Recording instruments mainly included: (a) Electroglottograph (EGG-D100): to acquire synchronized acoustic and glottal signals. ... the subject wore the EGG-D100 sitting at around 3 m from the display screen, SONY-FDR camera was placed at about 50 cm away.

使用资料与操作视频

Larynograph

简介：I'm David Howard from york and we're company at the Dance center in London to look at B-boxing Let's look briefly at what the human instrument offers to the B-boxer because the human vocal instrument is the same for all of us We've all got what is basically a buzzer sounding something like this in our throat This is the vibrating vocal folds in the larynx so this can substitute for the larynx.

发布时间：2020-02-19T07:15:59Z

VOICED-UNVOICED CLASSIFICATION OF SPEECH USING AUTOCORRELATION MATRIX

简介：In this paper, a fast method for voiced-unvoiced classification of speech signals is introduced. The suggested method makes the V-UV decision, using signal energy, the peak-to-peak differerence of the autocorrelation function, number of zero crossings of the autocorrelation function and the unit delay autocorrelation coefficient all together.

发布时间：2020-02-11T07:12:57Z

The Effect of Hearing Loss on the Vocal Features of Children

简介：The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of hearing loss on acoustic properties of voice through acoustic analysis of some vocal parameters in two groups of children with moderately severe or deep hearing loss, and normal children of the same age and gender.

发布时间：2020-02-11T06:22:23Z

REAL-TIME SPEECH PATTERN ELEMENT DISPLAYS FOR INTERACTIVE THERAPY

简介：New developments are presented and discussed for the interactive display and separate measurement of frication and nasality in addition to voice quality. Different clinical problems require appropriate combinations of speech pattern elements support different approaches and these are supported by appropriate combinations of speech pattern elements. Particular use has been made of the laryngograph signal so that the displays can be given a sense of immediacy and are highly accurate.

发布时间：2020-02-11T05:52:34Z

Pitch Determination from Bone Conducted Speech

简介：This paper explores the potential of pitch determination from bone conducted (BC) speech. Pitch determination from normal air conducted (AC) speech signal can not attain the expected level of accuracy for every voice and background conditions. In contrast, since BC speech is caused by the vibrations that have traveled through the vocal tract wall, it is robust against ambient conditions.

发布时间：2020-02-11T04:14:42Z

NON-INVASIVE MONITORING OF REFLEXIVE SWALLOWING

简介：These methods do not use radiation and have the potential to give more accurate timing information than can be derived from auditory/acoustic monitoring. Pilot data were obtained from the simultaneous use of four sensors: an ear-plug microphone of the type used successfully for the detection of otoacoustic emissions; a standard miniature electret microphone ordinarily used for speech recording; a miniature accelerometer of the type sometimes used for monitoring nasality....

发布时间：2020-02-11T03:40:53Z

Measuring voice in the clinic-Laryngograph Speech Studio Analyses

简介：In the present work the application of pitch perceptual criteria is described in the provision of an integrated framework for practical clinical assessment and therapy. Sustained sounds are shown to require quite different levels of sampling accuracy from those needed for ordinary connected speech. Radically useful results come from the application of these basic ideas to the representation and analysis of the pathological and the normal voice in case management and audit.

发布时间：2020-02-11T03:05:31Z

Laryngograph as a tool in diagnosis and therapy of voice disorders

简介：The electroglottography method is an instrumental analysis by the device called Laryngograph, which can be practically applied in the speech signal analysis for people with voice disorders issues. In this paper capabilities of this device are estimated. A very interesting fact is that visualization of the speech signal obtained with the use of Laryngograph device allows to detect the acoustically and phonetically most important features and present them in a graphical form.

发布时间：2020-02-11T02:07:14Z

SPEECHREADING OF WORDS AND SENTENCES BY NORMALLY HEARING AND HEARING IMPAIRED CHINESE SUBJECTS: THE ENHANCEMENT EFFECTS OF COMPOUND SPEECH PATTERNS

简介：Speech perception requires a receiver to make decisions both about trends and also about the language patterns of a speaker. Hearing people use the speaker’s speech signal as the direct sensory evidence. In the special case of visual speech perception, otherwise known as speechreading, this sensory evidence is derived from the visible articulation movements of speech. Unfortunately, many important articulation movements are invisible.

发布时间：2020-02-10T10:41:36Z

Closing and Opening Phase Variability in Dysphonia

简介：Four examples of the use of vocal fold contact phase measurement are discussed for unilateral paresis. In each case this aspect of voice quality is of greater importance than the physical measurement of loudness and pitch related parameters. For three of the cases electrostimulation has been used as a main part of the treatment.

发布时间：2020-02-10T09:48:51Z

ASPECTS OF VOICE QUALITY: DISPLAY, MEASUREMENT AND THERAPY

简介：In this workshop the physical measures of voice fundamental frequency and larynx contact quotient are explored in relation to the perception, analysis and treatment of aspects of voice quality in a speech and language therapy clinic. A fundamental principle is to analyse samples of continuous speech. The workshop will focus on clients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis.

发布时间：2020-02-10T07:13:37Z

Acoustical characteristics of vocal modes in singing

简介：This paper looks further into the characteristics of the voice modes in singing in order to test the model already provided. The conclusion is that the model is too simple to cover the full range. The work has also provided information on singers’ SPL and formants’ repositioning in dependence of pitch. Further work is recommended.

发布时间：2020-02-10T06:35:19Z

A Longitudinal Study Investigating Synchronization in a Singing Quintet

简介：Research suggests that synchronization between musicians during ensemble performances can be affected by the rhythmic or tonal complexity of the piece being performed and by group roles such as leader-follower relationships. Since previous studies have mostly been conducted within single performance sessions, developmental aspects of interpersonal synchronization in ensembles remain underinvestigated.

发布时间：2020-02-10T04:45:14Z

A corpus of read and conversational Austrian German

简介：This paper presents GRASS (Graz corpus of Read And Spontaneous Speech), the first large scale speech database for Austrian German with both read and conversational speech. In total, the corpus contains approximately 1900 minutes of speech in which 38 speakers produced more than 220 000 word tokens from 14 593 di↵erent word types. The corpus consists of three components.

发布时间：2020-02-10T03:22:46Z