美国 Matlab 2015

摘要 · 中文整理：目的：在控制体质指数（BMI）的条件下，研究不同严重程度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）成人患者吞咽时舌骨上/颏下（SH）肌群的表面肌电（sEMG）活动，并确定肌肉活动变化的预测因素。方法：本横断面观察研究纳入37名确诊OSA（AHI>5）的成人，按呼吸暂停低通气指数分为I组（5≤AHI≤30）和II组（AHI>30）。记录自主吞咽10 mL和15 mL稀液体（水）时的sEMG活动，计算峰值、积分和最大速度（Vmax）。以BMI为协变量进行多元协方差分析比较组间差异，并采用多元线性回归模型（GRM）分析各预测因素对肌电参数的贡献，显著性水平p<0.05。结果：样本中男性（n=24，64.9%）和肥胖者（BMI>30，n=25，67.6%）占多数。与I组相比，II组峰值、Vmax和积分显著降低（P≤0.006）。GRM显示峰值和积分由AHI和BMI解释，而舌体积与吞咽行为共同解释Vmax。结论：重度OSA患者舌骨上肌群激活减弱；除疾病严重程度外，BMI和舌肌功能状态也导致激活受损。这些发现提示肌肉无力和运动控制缺陷共同损害了吞咽时SH肌群的激活。

原文摘要：To investigate the electromyographic activity (sEMG) of the suprahyoid/submental (SH) muscles during swallowing in adults with different OSA severities, controlled for body mass index (BMI), and to establish predictive factors for changes in muscle activity. This cross-sectional observational study included 37 adults diagnosed with OSA (AHI > 5). The patients were divided into two groups according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI): Group I (AHI = 5 ≤ 30) and Group II (AHI > 30). sEMG activity was recorded during the voluntary swallowing of 10 mL and 15 mL of thin liquid (water). The sEMG peak, integral, and maximum velocity (Vmax) were calculated. Groups were compared by general multivariate analysis of covariance, with BMI as a covariate. A general multivariate linear regression model (GRM) was applied to analyze the contribution of predictors to the EMG parameters. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. There was a predominance of males (n = 24, 64.9%) and obese individuals (BMI > 30, n = 25, 67.6%) in the sample. Compared with Group I, Group II presented significantly lower peak, Vmax and integral values (P ≤ 0.006). The GRM revealed that the peak and integral were explained by the AHI and BMI, whereas the tongue volume and behavior during swallowing together explained the Vmax. Activation of the suprahyoid (SH) muscles was reduced in patients with severe OSA. In addition to disease severity, BMI and the myofunctional condition of the tongue also contribute to impaired activation. Taken together, these findings indicate that muscle weakness and deficits in motor control compromise the activation of SH muscles during swallowing.

关键词：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、吞咽、吞咽障碍、表面肌电

研究目标：明确不同严重程度OSA患者吞咽时舌骨上肌群肌电活动的差异，并在控制BMI的前提下确定影响肌肉激活的预测因素。

主要结论：重度OSA患者吞咽时舌骨上肌群激活显著减弱；AHI和BMI解释了肌电峰值与积分，舌体积与吞咽行为解释了最大速度，提示肌肉无力与运动控制缺陷共同损害吞咽肌激活。

创新点：首次以BMI为协变量并结合口面肌功能评估，通过多元回归量化OSA严重程度、肥胖与舌肌功能对吞咽肌表面肌电参数的独立贡献，为将肌功能评估纳入OSA临床评估提供依据。

后续建议：纳入健康对照组以建立正常参考范围；结合吞咽造影或纤维内镜验证肌电异常与吞咽安全性的关系；增加不同稠度食团以评估任务难度对肌电参数的影响；开展纵向研究观察CPAP或口面肌功能治疗后肌电指标的变化；扩大样本量并平衡性别与BMI分布以提高模型外推性

APA 引文：Folha, G. A., Garcia, D. M., & de Felício, C. M. (2026). Swallowing assessment in obstructive sleep apnea: insights from surface electromyography. Sleep and Breathing, 30(2), 151. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-026-03695-y

仪器引用：Custom software developed in the MATLAB R2015a environment (version 8.5, MathWorks Inc., Natick, MA, USA) was used for data analysis.

摘要 · 中文整理：背景：本研究旨在探讨月经周期对专业运动员跆拳道横踢过程中下肢关节协调变异性的影响。方法：20名女子专业跆拳道运动员自愿参与研究，分别在月经周期的卵泡期、排卵期和黄体期三次到实验室测试，采集横踢动作中的下肢运动学数据，计算并比较不同月经周期阶段下肢关节矢状面的活动度（ROM）与协调变异性。结果：不同月经周期阶段间关节ROM无显著差异；基于重复测量方差分析的向量分析也未发现关节协调模式与变异性存在显著差异。但排卵期髋-踝耦合的协调变异性出现波动，尽管无统计学显著性。结论：结果提示女子跆拳道运动员在排卵期训练时应保持谨慎，但仍需更多研究以进一步理解月经周期对关节与环节协调模式的影响。

原文摘要：Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect of the menstrual cycle on the coordination variability of the lower-limb joints during the taekwondo roundhouse kick in professional athletes. Methods: Twenty professional taekwondo female athletes voluntarily participated in the study. The participants visited a laboratory thrice during their menstrual cycles' follicular, ovulation, and luteal phases. The lower-extremity kinematic data were collected during the roundhouse kick. Range of motion (ROM) and coordination variability of the lower-extremity joints in sagittal plane were calculated and compared for different menstrual cycles. Findings: The results did not show significant differences in the ROM of the joints for the different menstrual cycles. Moreover, the results of a vector analysis using the repeated measures ANOVA did not show significant differences in joint coordination patterns and variability for different menstrual cycles. However, there were fluctuations in the coordination variability during the ovulation phase in the hip–ankle coupling, but this was not statistically significant. Interpretation: The results suggest that female taekwondo players must be cautious of training during the ovulation phases of their menstrual cycles. However, more research is needed to better understand the effect of menstrual cycle on the coordination patterns of joints and segments.

关键词：月经周期、协调变异性、横踢、跆拳道

研究目标：探究月经周期不同阶段（卵泡期、排卵期、黄体期）是否会改变女子专业跆拳道运动员横踢动作中下肢关节的活动度、协调模式及协调变异性。

主要结论：三个月经周期阶段间下肢关节活动度、协调模式和协调变异性均无统计学显著差异；排卵期髋-踝耦合协调变异性存在波动趋势，建议运动员关注排卵期的训练与表现，但需进一步研究证实。

创新点：首次将连续相对相位与一维统计参数映射（spm1d）结合，在整个踢击周期内连续评估月经周期对跆拳道专项动作关节协调变异性的影响，而非仅比较离散指标。

后续建议：增加样本量并通过激素水平检测精确确认月经周期分期；扩展至额状面与水平面的三维关节耦合分析；结合地面反作用力与肌电数据评估神经肌肉控制变化；采用向量编码等其他协调量化方法进行交叉验证；追踪多个月经周期以评估个体内的重复性

APA 引文：Sajjadi, S. S., Abbasi, A., Hadavi, Z., Khaleghi Tazji, M., & Svoboda, Z. (2025). The effect of menstrual cycle on inter-joint coordination variability during roundhouse kicks in taekwondo. BMC Women's Health, 25(1), 294. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12905-025-03839-4

仪器引用：kinematic data were analyzed by the MATLAB R2015a software (The Math Works, Natick, MA, USA). ... All SPM analyses were performed using the open source spm1d code (v.M0.1, www.spm1d.org) in MATLAB R2015a software (The Math Works, Natick, MA, USA).

摘要 · 中文整理：既往研究表明不同强度的运动训练会影响认知，但不同运动强度的认知效应及其机制尚未完全阐明。本文旨在从代谢组学角度探讨不同强度跑台运动对大鼠认知的影响。96只雄性大鼠随机分为对照组（CON，n=24）、低强度跑步组（LIR，n=24）、中强度跑步组（MIR，n=24）和高强度跑步组（HIR，n=24）。跑台运动4周后，LIR组定位平台显著快于CON组（p=0.027）和HIR组（p=0.011）；8周后LIR和MIR组也比CON组更快找到平台（分别为p=0.003和p=0.015）。此外，MIR组海马SOD/CAT显著高于HIR（p=0.03）、LIR（p=0.0008）和CON（p=0.0004）组。代谢组学分析显示，运动8周后MIR和HIR组与CON组相比有14种特征相似的代谢物存在差异，LIR组与CON组相比12种关键代谢物显著改变；LIR、MIR和HIR组与CON组相比分别有3、4和3条代谢通路显著变化。综上，LIR可有效降低延胡索酸积累，增强三羧酸循环与脑能量代谢从而改善认知功能，而MIR可调节谷胱甘肽代谢以缓解氧化应激，支持认知功能。

原文摘要：Previous studies have revealed that different intensities of exercise training have an impact on cognition. However, the cognitive effects of different intensities of exercise and its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The aim of this paper was to investigate the effects of different intensities of treadmill exercise on cognition in rats from the perspective of metabolomic analysis. In this study, ninety-six male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (CON group, n = 24), low-intensity running group (LIR group, n = 24), medium-intensity running group (MIR group, n = 24), and high-intensity running group (HIR group, n = 24). After 4 weeks of treadmill running, rats in the LIR group located the platform significantly faster than those in the CON(p = 0.027) and HIR(p = 0.011) groups. After 8 weeks of treadmill running, rats in the LIR and MIR groups also found the platform more quickly than those in CON group (p = 0.003 and p = 0.015, respectively). Additionally, rats in the MIR group showed significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD)/catalase (CAT) in the hippocampus compared with those exposed to HIR(p = 0.03), LIR(p = 0.0008), and CON(p = 0.0004). Metabolomic analysis revealed that, after 8 weeks of running, 14 metabolites with similar characteristics differed between the MIR and HIR groups compared to the CON group. The LIR group showed significant alterations in 12 key metabolites compared to the CON group. The LIR, MIR, and HIR groups also demonstrated significant changes in 3, 4, and 3 metabolic pathways respectively, when compared to the CON group. In conclusion, the above results indicate that LIR can effectively decrease fumarate accumulation, thereby enhancing the TCA cycle and brain energy metabolism which in turn improved cognitive function, while MIR can modify glutathione metabolism to alleviate oxidative stress (OS), supporting cognitive function.

关键词：认知功能、跑步、不同跑步强度、代谢组学分析、海马

研究目标：阐明低、中、高不同强度跑台运动对大鼠认知功能的影响差异及其海马代谢层面的机制。

主要结论：低强度运动通过降低延胡索酸积累增强三羧酸循环与脑能量代谢而改善认知；中强度运动通过调节谷胱甘肽代谢缓解氧化应激支持认知；高强度持续运动未改善认知，可能与过度氧化应激有关。

创新点：结合Morris水迷宫、抗氧化酶检测与850 MHz NMR代谢组学，系统比较三种运动强度下海马代谢通路的差异，提出基于代谢特征的个体化运动处方思路。

后续建议：引入LC-MS代谢组学扩大代谢物覆盖范围并验证NMR结果；增加雌性动物以评估性别差异；通过靶向干预延胡索酸或谷胱甘肽通路验证因果关系；延长训练周期并设置停训期观察效应持续性；结合转录组或蛋白组数据进行多组学整合分析

APA 引文：Zeng, N., Li, J.-T., Zhang, Z.-J., Yan, Z.-P., Liao, T., & Ni, G.-X. (2025). Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomic study of rat brain after different intensity treadmill running. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 81(3), 687–697. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-025-01094-7

仪器引用：Metabolite concentration estimates were performed using MATLAB R2015b with normalized spectral data supplied.