德国 Brain Products 脑电放大器 BrainAmp MR

摘要 · 中文整理：在超高场（7特斯拉）条件下将脑电图（EEG）与功能磁共振成像（fMRI）结合，为以高覆盖度、毫秒级时间精度和亚毫米级空间精度无创探测人脑功能提供了极具吸引力的新可能，可揭示皮层分层与细小的皮层下结构。遗憾的是，由于严重的跨模态干扰效应与物理条件限制，该技术在7T下长期难以实现。本文在临床7T系统上开发了首个此类脑电－功能磁共振采集框架，融合了既往研究中的关键改进：采用紧凑的脑电信号传输以降低伪影发生率、引入参考传感器用于伪影校正、并对导线加以改造以兼容密集射频接收阵列，从而保留最先进的功能成像灵敏度与加速能力。研究测试了两种实现方案：一种使用自行改装的脑电帽，另一种使用工业厂商新近设计的原型帽，后者拟进一步开发为可供更广泛研究群体使用的商用设备。在人体上的系统评估表明，包括亚毫米分辨率功能成像在内的同步采集可以在无可检测安全问题、亦无重大实际操作限制的情况下完成。脑电对功能成像质量的扰动相对轻微（时间信噪比损失6%–11%），且未可测量地影响静息态网络与视觉响应的检出。脑电上诱发的伪影可被校正到其空间、频谱与时间特征与扫描室外记录相当的程度，静息态α节律以及闭眼α调制等标志性特征可被清晰检出。总体而言，这些结果表明该技术在神经影像应用中前景优异，能够充分发挥7T所独有的可能性。

原文摘要：The combination of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) at ultra-high field (7 Tesla) offers appealing new possibilities to probe human brain function non-invasively with high coverage, millisecond temporal precision and sub-millimeter spatial precision, unraveling cortical layers and small subcortical structures. Unfortunately, this technique has remained largely inaccessible at 7T, due to prohibitive cross-modal interference effects and physical constraints. Here, we developed a first-of-its-kind EEG-fMRI acquisition framework on a clinical 7T system combining key improvements from previous research: compact EEG transmission to reduce artifact incidence, reference sensors for artifact correction, and adapted leads for compatibility with a dense radiofrequency receive array allowing state-of-the-art fMRI sensitivity and acceleration. Two implementations were tested: one using an EEG cap adapted in-house, and another using a recently designed prototype from an industrial manufacturer, intended to be further developed into a commercial device accessible to the broader community. A comprehensive evaluation in humans showed that simultaneous acquisitions, including sub-millimeter fMRI resolution, could be conducted without detectable safety issues or major practical constraints. The EEG exerted relatively mild perturbations on fMRI quality (6–11% loss in temporal SNR), without measurably affecting the detection of resting-state networks and visual responses. The artifacts induced on EEG could be corrected to a degree where the spatial, spectral, and temporal characteristics were comparable with outside recordings, and hallmark features such as resting-state alpha and eyes-closing alpha modulation could be clearly detected. Altogether, these findings indicate excellent prospects for neuroimaging applications, which can leverage the unique possibilities achievable at 7T.

关键词：脑电－功能磁共振、超高场、人体、安全性、数据质量、灵敏度

研究目标：解决7T超高场下同步EEG-fMRI因跨模态干扰和物理约束而难以安全、高质量实施的问题。

主要结论：所提出的7T EEG-fMRI框架在人体中可安全实施（无明显加热，SAR在限值内），EEG仅造成6–11%的fMRI时间信噪比损失且不影响静息态网络与视觉响应检出，校正后的EEG质量与扫描仪外记录相当。

创新点：首次在临床7T系统上整合紧凑化EEG传输、参考伪迹传感器与适配高密度接收阵列的导线设计，并同时评估自制改造帽与厂商商用原型两种实现方案。

后续建议：扩大受试者样本并在患者群体中验证框架的临床适用性；进一步优化参考传感器布局以提升运动伪迹校正效果；探索分层fMRI与EEG事件相关电位的联合分析；评估更高加速因子与更短TR协议下的EEG伪迹特性

APA 引文：Sainz Martinez, C., Wirsich, J., Jäger, C., Warbrick, T., Vulliémoz, S., Lemay, M., Bastiaansen, J., Wiest, R., & Jorge, J. (2025). An optimized framework for simultaneous EEG-fMRI at 7T enabling safe, high-quality human brain imaging with millisecond temporal resolution and sub-millimeter spatial resolution. Imaging Neuroscience, 3, IMAG.a.983. https://doi.org/10.1162/IMAG.a.983

仪器引用：Both cap variants connected to two 32-channel BrainAmp MR Plus amplifiers (Brain Products), where the signals were bandpass-filtered (0.016–250 Hz) and digitized (0.5-µV resolution, 5-kHz sampling synchronized with the MR clock). The MR7Flex required an additional BrainAmp ExG MR amplifier to record the carbon loop signals (same filtering, resolution, and sampling), powered with a second battery.

摘要 · 中文整理：功能磁共振成像（fMRI）与脑电图（EEG）的整合为探索大脑的时空分辨率提供了新途径。本研究首次将空间动态脑网络与同步记录的EEG频谱特性相联系，采用基于滑动窗的空间约束独立成分分析（scICA）在体素水平生成随时间演变的静息脑网络。分析显示网络体积及其体素级活动如何随时间变化，并揭示了它们与时变EEG频谱功率的显著相关，包括初级视觉网络体积增大与alpha频段功率之间的强关联。此外，Pz电极的alpha、theta和delta功率分别定位于初级视觉、小脑和颞叶网络的体素级活动。静息态下观察到的这些空间与频率的关联为理解大脑时空特征提供了洞见，并加深了对空间变化的fMRI网络与EEG频段功率的认识。

原文摘要：The Integration of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) has allowed for a novel exploration of the brain's spatial–temporal resolution. This is the first study to link spatially dynamic brain networks with EEG spectral properties recorded simultaneously, using sliding window-based spatially constrained independent component analysis (scICA) to produce resting brain networks that evolved over time at the voxel level. Our analysis demonstrated how the networks' volumes and their voxel-level activities vary over time and revealed significant correlations with time-varying EEG spectral power, including a strong association between increasing volume of the primary visual network and alpha band power. Additionally, the alpha, theta, and delta power of the Pz electrode were localized to voxel-level activities of primary visual, cerebellum, and temporal networks, respectively. These associations between space and frequency observed during rest offer insights into the brain's spatial–temporal characteristics and enhance understanding of both spatially varying fMRI networks and EEG band power.

关键词：多模态融合、同步EEG/fMRI、空间动态、静息态网络、EEG频谱

研究目标：解决fMRI网络的空间动态变化（体积与体素活动随时间的演变）与同步EEG频谱功率之间关系尚未被刻画的问题。

主要结论：静息态下fMRI网络体积和体素级活动随时间变化并与时变EEG频段功率显著相关，初级视觉网络体积增大与alpha功率强相关，Pz电极的alpha、theta、delta功率分别对应视觉、小脑与颞叶网络。

创新点：首次将滑动窗空间约束ICA得到的体素级空间动态网络与同步EEG频谱功率相关联，实现空间-频率维度的多模态融合。

后续建议：在任务态与临床人群中验证空间-频率关联的稳定性；引入全导联源空间EEG而非仅中线电极以提高空间对应性；探索不同窗长与模型阶数对动态网络提取的影响；结合个体化网络模板提升跨数据集可比性

APA 引文：Phadikar, S., Pusuluri, K., Iraji, A., & Calhoun, V. D. (2025). Integrating fMRI spatial network dynamics and EEG spectral power: insights into resting state connectivity. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 19, 1484954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2025.1484954

仪器引用：Simultaneous EEG was recorded using a 32-channel BrainAmp MR-compatible system with a Brain Products R-Net MR cap positioned per the international 10–20 system. Sampling rate was 5 kHz.