美国 Extech 带 USB 的积分式声级计 407780A

摘要 · 中文整理：一系列人体现场研究表明，模拟夜间交通噪声暴露会损害睡眠质量与内皮功能，其中内皮功能在摄入维生素C后可显著改善。然而，这些变化是否呈现性别特异性模式尚不清楚。因此，本研究旨在分析模拟夜间列车噪声暴露对健康青年男女睡眠质量、内皮功能及其在摄入维生素C后的相关变化，以及其他血流动力学与生化参数的影响。我们使用了一项随机交叉研究的数据，其中70名健康志愿者（女性占50%）在自家住宅中连续三夜分别接受一种对照模式（常规本底噪声）与两种不同的列车噪声情景（每夜30次或60次列车噪声事件，平均声压级分别为52与54 dB(A)，峰值声级为73–75 dB(A)）。每夜之后，受试者前往研究中心接受内皮功能以及其他血流动力学与生化参数的测量。自评睡眠质量在噪声30与噪声60夜之后，男女均显著受损（与对照相比p<0.001）。同样，以血流介导舒张（FMD）测得的内皮功能在噪声30与噪声60夜之后，男女均显著受损（与对照相比p<0.001）。在女性中，与对照夜相比，摄入维生素C在噪声30与噪声60研究夜之后均显著改善FMD，而男性未观察到显著变化。暴露于模拟夜间列车噪声会损害男女双方的睡眠质量与内皮功能，而噪声暴露后摄入维生素C带来的内皮功能显著改善仅见于女性。这些发现首次提示，在男性中可能存在其他机制（如氧化应激）导致内皮功能障碍。

原文摘要：A series of human field studies demonstrated that simulated nocturnal traffic noise exposure impaired sleep quality and endothelial function, which could be significantly improved after intake of vitamin C in case of endothelial function. However, it remains unclear whether these changes follow a sex-specific pattern. Thus, we aimed to analyze the effect of simulated nocturnal train noise exposure on sleep quality, endothelial function and its associated changes after vitamin C intake, and other hemodynamic and biochemical parameters in young healthy men and women. We used data from a randomized crossover study, wherein 70 healthy volunteers (50% women) were each exposed to one control pattern (regular background noise) and two different train noise scenarios (30 or 60 train noise events per night, with average sound pressure levels of 52 and 54 dB(A), respectively, and peak sound level of 73-75 dB(A)) in their homes for three nights. After each night, participants visited the study center for the measurement of endothelial function as well as other hemodynamic and biochemical parameters. Sleep quality measured via self-report was significantly impaired after noise 30 and noise 60 nights in both men and women (p < 0.001 vs. control). Likewise, endothelial function measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was significantly impaired after noise 30 and noise 60 nights in both men and women (p < 0.001 vs. control). While in women, vitamin C intake significantly improved FMD after both noise 30 and noise 60 study nights compared to control nights, no significant changes were observed in men. Exposure to simulated nocturnal train noise impairs sleep quality and endothelial function in both men and women, whereas a significant improvement of endothelial function after noise exposure and vitamin C intake could only be observed in women. These findings suggest for the first time that in men other mechanisms such as oxidative stress causing endothelial dysfunction may come into play.

关键词：环境危险因素、列车噪声暴露、内皮功能、睡眠质量、维生素C

研究目标：明确模拟夜间铁路噪声暴露对睡眠质量、内皮功能及维生素C干预效应的影响是否存在性别差异，并探讨男女之间噪声致内皮功能障碍机制的可能不同。

主要结论：夜间铁路噪声暴露使男性和女性的睡眠质量和FMD均显著受损；服用维生素C后仅女性的FMD显著改善，男性无显著变化，提示男性噪声致内皮功能障碍可能涉及氧化应激以外的其他机制。

创新点：首次对模拟夜间铁路噪声人体现场研究进行性别分层分析，揭示维生素C对噪声后内皮功能的改善作用存在性别差异，并在受试者家中以2级声级计连续监测声压级确保暴露依从性。

后续建议：增加样本量以提高性别亚组分析的统计效能；补充氧化应激生物标志物直接检测以验证机制假说；采用客观多导睡眠监测替代或补充主观睡眠评价；结合激素水平（如雌激素）分析性别差异的内在原因；延长干预与随访时间评估重复暴露的累积效应

APA 引文：Hahad, O., Herzog, J., Röösli, M., Schmidt, F. P., Daiber, A., & Münzel, T. (2022). Acute exposure to simulated nocturnal train noise leads to impaired sleep quality and endothelial dysfunction in young healthy men and women: A sex-specific analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(21), 13844. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113844

仪器引用：To ensure compliance, sound pressure level (SPL) was continuously measured via class-2 sound level meters (Extech Datenlogger 407780A, 30–130 dB, Extech Datenlogger 407764, 3–130 dB), which were placed near the head of the participant.