1299 阅读 2021-02-22 09:32:04 上传
以下文章来源于 语言学科普
继“高考”,“军训”等中国特色现象后,外媒开始关注另一项活动——考研。

大家强调考研的样子,让人梦回几年前的高考。不知从何起,考研已然成了人们的“第二次高考”。
据调查显示,绝大部分的中国考生考研,是因为“找不到工作”,加之疫情影响,导致市场就业形势更加严峻。
今天来精读一篇纽约时报,围观一下此事。
China’s College Graduates Can’t Find Jobs. The Solution: Grad School.
Graduation was fast approaching, but Yang Xiaomin, a 21-year-old college student in northeastern China, skipped her university’s job fair. Nor did she look for positions on her own. She didn’t think she had a chance of landing one.
“Some jobs won’t even take résumés from people with bachelor’s degrees,” said Ms. Yang, who, along with a record 3.77 million of her peers, instead took the national entrance exam for graduate school last month.“Going to graduate school won’t necessarily help me get a better job, but it will at least give me more choices of opportunities.”
毕业在即,中国东北21岁的大学生杨晓敏(音)没去参加学校的招聘会。她也没有自己找工作。她认为自己根本拿不到工作机会。
“有些职位甚至连本科学历的都不要,”杨晓敏说。于是,她和创纪录的377万同龄人一起,在上个月参加了全国研究生入学考试。“去读研不一定能帮我找到更好的工作,但至少给我更多选择的机会。”
01
job fair 招聘会
一提起fair,大家一般会想到“公正的、公平的”,或者白皙的肤色。
公平交易可以说 a fair deal
合理的工资 fair wage
恰当的问题 a fair question
fair的名词是“集市”, 如经典英国民歌《斯卡布罗集市》(Scarborough Fair)
现如今,fair有更广泛的用法
广交会:China Import and Export Fair
招聘会:job/career fair
fair也指为筹集善举经费而举办的“义卖会”,
英式英语露天游乐场:funfair

fair weather是“晴朗的天气”,晴空可以说“fair sky”,顺风可以说“fair wind”
但fair weather friend可不是好朋友, 而是指“塑料姐妹花”,或者你有难他先逃的“酒肉朋友”。 这种朋友不仅自私,平时还会说fair words(花言巧语,恭维话)。
在数量、大小上,fair指“相当大的”,比如“a fair size house”。
在英式英语中,fair还可以指“不错的,相当好的”,比如胜算很大可以说“a fair chance”。

02
land 谋得,得到,赢得
这里主要讲一下land的熟词僻义。
land在口语中表示谋得(难得的工作、合约等)
e.g. Bill’s just landed himself a part in a Broadway show. 比尔刚刚在百老汇的一场演出中谋到一个角色。
来看看《经济学人》里的这句话:
This was not without its controversies—some of Mr Milken’s financial activities landed him in prison—but it did help the city regain solvency, not to mention pizzazz.
先来扫一遍生词
solvency “债务偿付”
pizzazz 是非正式表达,指“激情、活力”
句子大意是 :这是存在争议的,米尔肯先生从事的一些金融活动 land 他在监狱里,但也的确帮助纽约恢复了偿债能力,更不用恢复了活力。
我们可以这样思考一下:land有“落到”的意思,可以落到具体的位置,也可以落入抽象的位置,比如,落到某种境遇中。
land/fall on your feet 成功用脚着地,因此表示“特别走运,幸免于难”。
land in sth +消极词, 即“使陷入困境”
e.g. 他的英勇行为总是给他惹上麻烦。
His exploits always landed him in trouble.
这正是上面《经济学人》句子里的用法
这并非没有争议,米尔肯先生的一些金融活动使他锒铛入狱,但这确实帮助纽约市恢复了偿付能力,更不用说风生水起了。


China’s economy has largely rebounded from the coronavirus pandemic, with data released on Monday showing it has become perhaps the only major economy to have grown last year. Still, one area remains sorely lacking: the supply of desirable, well-paying jobs for the country’s rapidly ballooning count of university graduates. Most of the recovery has been fueled by blue-collar sectors such as manufacturing, on which the Chinese economy still relies heavily.
中国经济已从新冠病毒疫情中反弹,周一公布的数据显示,它可能是去年唯一实现增长的主要经济体。尽管如此,有一个领域仍然严重匮乏:为该国迅速增长的大学毕业生人数提供理想、高薪的工作。复苏主要是由制造业等蓝领产业推动,中国经济仍然严重依靠这些行业。
03
sorely 严重的,非常
sorely是个比较生动的小词,建议大家写作时使用。外刊中也经常出现很多地道的副词,阅读的时候可以多多留意。
e.g. We shall miss her sorely.
我们将会非常想念她。

04
ballon vi.激增
balloon作不及物动词,也可以用作balloon out,表示突然增加、激增
e.g. The company’s debt has ballooned in the past year. 在过去的意念力,公司的债务激增。
在写作中经常要表达“增加,增长”,大家往往第一反应都是increase,其实还有rise, climb, grow, mount, swell, multiply
大幅增加”或“激增”, 记住:explode, rocket, skyrocket,surge, shoot up, soar , balloon


With the encouragement of the government, many students are turning to a stopgap solution: staying in school. China’s Ministry of Education announced at the height of the outbreak that it would order universities to expand the number of master’s candidates by 189,000, a nearly 25 percent increase, to ease unemployment. Undergraduate slots would also increase by more than 300,000.
在政府的鼓励下,许多学生正在寻求权宜之计:继续念书。中国教育部在疫情最严重的时候宣布,它将下令大学扩招18.9万硕士生——增幅近25%,以缓解失业。本科生也将扩招30万以上。
05
stopgap 临时替代者; 权宜之计
stopgap /ˈstɒpɡæp/
作可数名词,表示权宜之计、临时替代的物(人)
e.g. It’s only a stopgap measure, not a long-term solution. 那只是权宜之计,不是长期的解决方案。
06
slot 位置、时间、机会
slot作可数名词,除了本身“空位,缝隙”的意思外,也可表示名单、日程安排或广播节目表中的)位置、时间、机会。
这里就是招生的名额的意思
time slot 时间空档;(电视或广播电台的)播放时段
slot machine 售贷机等有投币口的机器


School is a common landing pad worldwide during times of economic uncertainty, but in China, the push to expand enrollment lays bare a long-running problem. Even before the pandemic, the country’s graduates complained that there were not enough suitable jobs. Official employment numbers are unreliable, but the authorities said in 2014 that unemployment rates for the college-educated two months after graduation were as high as 30 percent in some areas.
在经济不稳定时期,在世界各地,学校通常会成为许多人的着陆点,但是在中国,推动扩招却是一个长期存在的问题。甚至在疫情暴发之前,该国的毕业生就抱怨没有足够的合适工作。官方的就业数据并不可靠,但当局在2014年表示,在某些地区,大学毕业生在毕业两个月后的失业率高达30%。

As a result, many Chinese have worried that the expansion of graduate slots will increase already fierce competition for jobs, dilute the value of advanced degrees or postpone an unemployment crisis. “Are graduate students under siege?” the headline of one state-controlled publication read.
因此,许多中国人担心,扩招会加剧本已激烈的就业竞争,稀释高级学位的价值或推迟失业危机。一份官方媒体用了《研究生被困住了吗》这样的标题。
07
siege v.n.围攻;包围
under siege有两个含义。
1.表示处于包围之中
2.表示不断受到批评(攻击、威胁等)
e.g.Troy was under siege for ten years.
特洛伊城被围困了十年。
raise the siege 停止围攻;解围


The government’s expansion push is part of a broader, decades-long effort to increase university enrollment. In 1997, China had fewer than 3.5 million undergraduate and graduate students, according to official statistics. In 2019, there were more than 33 million, not counting online schools and adult higher education institutions.
政府这次的扩招努力是数十年来为增加大学入学率所做的更广泛努力的一部分。根据官方统计,1997年中国的本科生和研究生不足350万。2019年,这个数字超过3300万,还不包括远程教育和成人高等教育机构。









